Help on Multi-Threaded applicaiton [modified]

[Mark Salsbery]

Kiran Satish wrote:

ts the default MFC Timer that we initialize using CWnd::SetTimer function

Not good. I recommend multimedia timers (after all, this is what they're for!). IME, on XP+ they are pretty precise to 1ms :)

Kiran Satish wrote:

but the camera grabbing runs in a different thread

Are you responsible for grabbing frames at the interval you want or does the hardware/driver signal you somehow when a frame is available? IME, the ideal situation is when the driver can signal an event that wakes a thread for each frame. If that's not possible and you have to grab frames at a given interval, the next best performance is with multimedia timers. I personally wouldn't use Windows timers except for situations where timer resolution doesn't matter at all. Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

I never used those multimedia timers, maybe its time for me to use them :) . Coming to camera grabbing, we use a command from the frame grabber's library and whenever you call that command, it grabs a frame with a set predefined exposure time which, in our case is 20ms. So unless you call that command it wont capture a frame.

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

In that case, it seems like you don't need a timer. The grabber thread can loop grabbing frames - the exposure time will throttle the loop to 50 fps. After each frame is grabbed, set an event that wakes the processing thread. The processing thread can loop waiting on the grabber event. When the event is signaled, it can process the frame and wait again. If your processing time is ~10ms your frame-data critical section should never have to wait/block. Ideally, you'd want to eliminate the need for the critical section altogether if possible, even if you have to copy the frame data to another buffer on the processing thread. Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Mark Salsbery]

Here's what I meant in the last post:

// Camera Thread
While capturing
{
Capture frame (20ms exposure)
Add frame data to shared buffer
Set frame-grabbed event
}

// Processing Thread
While processing
{
Wait on frame-grabbed event
Copy data from shared buffer
Process the data
}

You still need to synchronize access to the shared buffer. Only lock long enough to copy data to and from the buffer, then release the lock immediately. That's all based on ideal situation where processing time is always ~10ms. In reality, your threads can (and will be) interrupted by other threads in the system. If it's critical to process every frame, then change the shared buffer to a FIFO queue of some kind. The grabber thread can queue each frame and the processing thread can dequeue frames. If the queue holds pointers to frame buffers, then accessing the queue is fast, which makes lock time shorter. That's pretty much how I handle audio capture, where I want every sample regardless of thread timing fluctuations. Does that make sense? :) Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

Yeh, it makes sense, thanks a lot. Actually thats what I like to implement , but I am not thinking of implementing locking of shared buffer earlier. But before implementing this, I would like to time exactly how much time each function in the processing thread is taking in worst case. Based on those timings, I would implement queuing on the captured frames. I have to change a lot of code thats currently been implemented. Since, this is not our lab's work, I might be working on and off on this. So, will keep here posted on how it goes :) .

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

Cool good luck! Keep in mind: Locking is bad - eliminate it if possible - only lock for as long as necessary, and there's lots of other threads running in the system to mess with your timing :) Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

I have a question, I tried to implement the same thing in my application (with some difference, in our application we can not grab frame while processing the current image as we have to update other hardware before grabbing next frame). Here is what I tried to do, I have a camera thread and my loop thread. The loop thread waits for the Camera thread to get a new frame and once the camera gets new frame, it waits for the loop thread until it process and signals it to get next frame. Thats the basic idea. After doing the current image analysis and changing the hardware status based upon current image analysis results, I spend around 6-8ms to update some displays and do some logs, so I thought I can signal the camera meanwhile to get new frame. But I am stuck with deadlocks with signal flags between threads.

Loop thread
do{
if (newframe){
do analysis on the frame
signal = true;//signal the camera to get new frame
update displays and do logs for the current frame
}
}while(looprunning);

camera thread
do{
if (signal){
newframe = false;
get new frame - takes 20ms
newframe = true;
signal = false;
}
}while(camrunning);

I can see an obvious deadlock, how can I get around this problem :confused: ? -thanks

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

Flags? no no no :) There's handy synchronization objects for that, something like:

autoreset events:
newframeevent
signalevent

Loop thread
do
{
waitForSingleObject(newframeevent)
do analysis on the frame
SetEvent(signalevent) //signal the camera to get new frame
update displays and do logs for the current frame
}
while(looprunning);

camera thread
do
{
waitForSingleObject(signalevent)
get new frame - takes 20ms
SetEvent(newframeevent)
}
while(camrunning);

The worst thing I see in the flags implementation is two threads modifying the signal flag. Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

Thanks, I feel like a complete dumbo. I always use CEvent::WaitForSingleObject(,) in many threads so that they wont lock the CPU and never thought of using them here. Maybe I need to start thinking slowly ;P

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

:)

Kiran Satish wrote:

I always use CEvent::WaitForSingleObject(,) in many threads so that they wont lock the CPU

Yes!. It also throttles your thread loops so they don't sit there spinning while waiting for the flag to be set, eating all your CPU for 1 processor (each). Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Mark Salsbery]

plus...you can add a terminate event if needed so the threads can be shutdown gracefully. Then you'd wait on multiple objects. Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

I tried to implement this in simple way to test and rather than waiting for the event to occur, it runs continuously even I define the timeout value to be INIFINITE

getsnap()
{
start camera thread if not running
PulseEvent(getnewframe)
waitForSingleObject(newframeevent, INFINITE)
return;
}

camera thread
do
{
waitForSingleObject(getnewframe, INFINITE)
get new frame - takes 20ms
PulseEvent(newframeevent)
}while(camrunning);

Here the camera thread continues running even after taking a frame. I am sure 'm missing something here. Sorry for bothering :) . -thanks

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

I would use (and recommend) SetEvent() on auto-reset events and not PulseEvent(): getnewframe = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL); newframeevent = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL); I can't remember why but something about PulseEvent() is flaky/unreliable if I recall correctly (besides the fact that a thread has to be already waiting on it for it to work, which is bad for this case)....I just know I never use it. Compare that to SetEvent() - "The state of an auto-reset event object remains signaled until a single waiting thread is released". That's the behavior you'd want. Mark

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

I tired to implement using SetEvent, but it still deadlocks, as I dont see any processor activity at all and just a busy mouse icon on the application interface. Here is how I did it - I defined the event handles at the start of the application in your way rather than using CEvent objects like I did before

getnewframe = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
newframeevent = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);

when the user clicks snapshot, I call a function (snapshot)

snapshot(exposure)
{
set camera exposure
start snapshotthread if not running
SetEvent(getnewframe)
::WaitForSingleObject(waitfornewframe, INFINITE);
display the frame
}
.
.
.
camthread
{
do
{
::WaitForSingleObject(getnewframe, INFINITE);
take a 20ms snapshot
SetEvent(waitfornewframe);
}while(camrunning)
}

I still dont get where I am doing wrong :confused:. I even tried using a while loop in snapshot function and using a 1ms timeout value for WaitForSingleObject and checking for WAIT_OBJECT_0.

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

I'm not seeing a deadlock situation in the pseudo code... If you run it in the debugger and break, are both threads sitting in the Wait function? If so, why?

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

Here is what happening in debug more

snapshot(exposure)
{
set camera exposure
start snapshotthread if not running
SetEvent(getnewframe)
::WaitForSingleObject(waitfornewframe, INFINITE); -- set breakpoint(1)
display the frame
}
.
.
.
camthread
{
do
{
dummy variable -- set breakpoint(2)
::WaitForSingleObject(getnewframe, INFINITE);
take a 20ms snapshot
SetEvent(waitfornewframe);
}while(camrunning)
}

when I hit snapshot button, the program stops at breakpoint(1) and then goes to breakpoint(2) and thats it from there it does nothing while the C++ interface shows as the program is in [run] mode. From the definitions of SetEvent and WaitForSingleObject I too dont see any thing wrong here. Do they need to be in actual two different threads, I dont think thats the case, interesting!

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

hmm the only reason I see that could happen is if "take a 20ms snapshot" never returns so the waitfornewframe event gets set.

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java:

[Kiran Satish]

I even tired that too by commenting it out, but it does the same. will keep tryin different ways and see. Do you think I may need to define those event handles in CMutex objects :~ .

PKNT

[Kiran Satish]

does it matter how I am defining my thread?? I am using DWORD WINAPI camclass::camthread(LPVOID) form.

PKNT

[Mark Salsbery]

Kiran Satish wrote:

Do you think I may need to define those event handles in CMutex objects

No that's a different type of synchronization object for mutual exclusion.

Mark Salsbery Microsoft MVP - Visual C++ :java: