Eclipse IDE GCC linker options ?
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Could I post a question about Eclipse ? Have a problem linking to library ( GCC options -L -l) and for a week I got no response elsewhere. Thanks for checking. Cheers ' Vaclav
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Could I post a question about Eclipse ? Have a problem linking to library ( GCC options -L -l) and for a week I got no response elsewhere. Thanks for checking. Cheers ' Vaclav
Sure but there isn't much to those two they are just followed by a folder path string for the library directory or the include directory. For header files GCC uses 4 default directories in a set order, the name of those directories is set when the version of GCC.EXE was created. So I can't tell you what they are because it depends on versions, CPU etc. However you can get them back out to screen with a command GCC -v I don't do a lot with libraries and from what I know there are 2 default directories in a set order again set at compile time of the linker executable ld.exe and again it has a command to display them ld -v Your commands above change the user directories and you can check what is happening by inserting your command line and putting -v at end and you can see what it changes.
In vino veritas
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Sure but there isn't much to those two they are just followed by a folder path string for the library directory or the include directory. For header files GCC uses 4 default directories in a set order, the name of those directories is set when the version of GCC.EXE was created. So I can't tell you what they are because it depends on versions, CPU etc. However you can get them back out to screen with a command GCC -v I don't do a lot with libraries and from what I know there are 2 default directories in a set order again set at compile time of the linker executable ld.exe and again it has a command to display them ld -v Your commands above change the user directories and you can check what is happening by inserting your command line and putting -v at end and you can see what it changes.
In vino veritas
Thanks Leon, this is my first usage of Eclipse and I am in "GUI" stage so far. The problem is little too much for me. First I used install.sh script for OpenCV and added "library search path" (-L) /usr/local/lib. Than I am suppose to choose the actual library to use via (-l) from pull down box - but there is no pull down , only text box. After "updating " Eclipse to newest I noticed that when I type in search path /usr/local/lib it ends up as "/usr/local/lib" , but still no pull down box with the libraries. I must be missing some other option. ( I do wish I was better using command line, but I am not ready for it.) So I added cv2.so under library add (-l) . Now everything compiles , but linker stops because it cannot find the "cv2.so" - but I can see it in correct directory. I still think my (-l) syntax is wrong. I also tryied to link to OpenCV .../build/lib with same results . This "build/lib" was a product of CMake I found with OpenCV. I think my biggest issue is - I do not understand how does "shared" library works in Elipse and which library search path is correct.
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Thanks Leon, this is my first usage of Eclipse and I am in "GUI" stage so far. The problem is little too much for me. First I used install.sh script for OpenCV and added "library search path" (-L) /usr/local/lib. Than I am suppose to choose the actual library to use via (-l) from pull down box - but there is no pull down , only text box. After "updating " Eclipse to newest I noticed that when I type in search path /usr/local/lib it ends up as "/usr/local/lib" , but still no pull down box with the libraries. I must be missing some other option. ( I do wish I was better using command line, but I am not ready for it.) So I added cv2.so under library add (-l) . Now everything compiles , but linker stops because it cannot find the "cv2.so" - but I can see it in correct directory. I still think my (-l) syntax is wrong. I also tryied to link to OpenCV .../build/lib with same results . This "build/lib" was a product of CMake I found with OpenCV. I think my biggest issue is - I do not understand how does "shared" library works in Elipse and which library search path is correct.
Have you checked at CDT Documentation[^]? The command line options for GCC will all be listed on the GCC website, but generally for linking you need the directories listed via -L (capital L), and the names of the libraries vie -l (small l). It is sometime since I have built an application on Unix/Linux so some features may have changed. It would probably help if you showed your complete GCC command line (between <pre> tags for clarity.) and the exact error message(s) that you receive.
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Thanks Leon, this is my first usage of Eclipse and I am in "GUI" stage so far. The problem is little too much for me. First I used install.sh script for OpenCV and added "library search path" (-L) /usr/local/lib. Than I am suppose to choose the actual library to use via (-l) from pull down box - but there is no pull down , only text box. After "updating " Eclipse to newest I noticed that when I type in search path /usr/local/lib it ends up as "/usr/local/lib" , but still no pull down box with the libraries. I must be missing some other option. ( I do wish I was better using command line, but I am not ready for it.) So I added cv2.so under library add (-l) . Now everything compiles , but linker stops because it cannot find the "cv2.so" - but I can see it in correct directory. I still think my (-l) syntax is wrong. I also tryied to link to OpenCV .../build/lib with same results . This "build/lib" was a product of CMake I found with OpenCV. I think my biggest issue is - I do not understand how does "shared" library works in Elipse and which library search path is correct.
When passing library file names using the -l option strip of the lib prefix and the extension. If for example the file name is libcv2.so, pass -lcv2 as option. See Link Options - Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)[^]. If the library file does not match this style (lib prefix, .a or .so extension, or you want to link dynamically to a .so file but there is also a matching .a file), you can pass the full name with path as argument like for object files (gcc recognises if the file is an object file or a libray). I can't help much regarding Eclipse. But a quick search shows that there are two different sections where you can configure libraries:
- The general library settings (C/C++ Properties - Folder - General - Paths and Symbols)
- The project and tool specific settings (C/C++ Properties - Project - Build - Settings - Tool Settings - Linker)
The first should be used for system wide general library paths while the second is for project specific settings. To add an object or library with full path and name, enter it at Miscellaneous - Other objects.
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Thanks Leon, this is my first usage of Eclipse and I am in "GUI" stage so far. The problem is little too much for me. First I used install.sh script for OpenCV and added "library search path" (-L) /usr/local/lib. Than I am suppose to choose the actual library to use via (-l) from pull down box - but there is no pull down , only text box. After "updating " Eclipse to newest I noticed that when I type in search path /usr/local/lib it ends up as "/usr/local/lib" , but still no pull down box with the libraries. I must be missing some other option. ( I do wish I was better using command line, but I am not ready for it.) So I added cv2.so under library add (-l) . Now everything compiles , but linker stops because it cannot find the "cv2.so" - but I can see it in correct directory. I still think my (-l) syntax is wrong. I also tryied to link to OpenCV .../build/lib with same results . This "build/lib" was a product of CMake I found with OpenCV. I think my biggest issue is - I do not understand how does "shared" library works in Elipse and which library search path is correct.
Jochen gave a full detail but I am going reduce his answer down to make it simpler gcc -l sets a library file name to link (we are assuming the file is in the library directory chains). gcc -L Sets the directory for library files. So the little l is a library file name (so it will be -l cv2 in your case), it's a simple name no folder, no extension. cv2.so is a shared object file so if the linker can't find it and it's there ... then your big L setting is wrong. So your big L should be -L /usr/local/lib Look at the command Eclipse fires out onto the command line and look for those two.
In vino veritas
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Jochen gave a full detail but I am going reduce his answer down to make it simpler gcc -l sets a library file name to link (we are assuming the file is in the library directory chains). gcc -L Sets the directory for library files. So the little l is a library file name (so it will be -l cv2 in your case), it's a simple name no folder, no extension. cv2.so is a shared object file so if the linker can't find it and it's there ... then your big L setting is wrong. So your big L should be -L /usr/local/lib Look at the command Eclipse fires out onto the command line and look for those two.
In vino veritas
Thanks to all, I really appreciate your help. I did some more messing around and managed to input correct -L using / copying stuff affecting ALL projects. It sort off worked. Than I did -l and typed cv2.so and the linker could not find it. I'll try just cv2 without the so extension next. AS I said , there is an GUI option to select "shared" files so as soon as I can get the linker to work I'll play with that. I just rebuild another "buidl" using CMake again and will see what I messed up this time. I'll cannot post the linker output until I have it back working after this new Make, sorry.
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Thanks to all, I really appreciate your help. I did some more messing around and managed to input correct -L using / copying stuff affecting ALL projects. It sort off worked. Than I did -l and typed cv2.so and the linker could not find it. I'll try just cv2 without the so extension next. AS I said , there is an GUI option to select "shared" files so as soon as I can get the linker to work I'll play with that. I just rebuild another "buidl" using CMake again and will see what I messed up this time. I'll cannot post the linker output until I have it back working after this new Make, sorry.
Here is what I am getting, I need to find out what /ld is , maybe that will give me a clue. And here is a terrible though - how do I verify that OpenCV will work on Unbutu - 32 bits and Eclipse - also 32 bits? I can run "hello world", but cannot get the linker to work with OpenCV. **** Build of configuration Debug for project TEST_1 **** **** Internal Builder is used for build **** g++ -L/usr/local/lib -shared -L/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib -shared -olibTEST_1 src/TEST_1.o -l/cv2 -l/cv2.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio -llibopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llibopencv_videoio collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status Build error occurred, build is stopped Time consumed: 186 ms.
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Here is what I am getting, I need to find out what /ld is , maybe that will give me a clue. And here is a terrible though - how do I verify that OpenCV will work on Unbutu - 32 bits and Eclipse - also 32 bits? I can run "hello world", but cannot get the linker to work with OpenCV. **** Build of configuration Debug for project TEST_1 **** **** Internal Builder is used for build **** g++ -L/usr/local/lib -shared -L/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib -shared -olibTEST_1 src/TEST_1.o -l/cv2 -l/cv2.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio -llibopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llibopencv_videoio collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status Build error occurred, build is stopped Time consumed: 186 ms.
You only need one of these for cv2
-l/cv2 -l/cv2.so
but as neither is working, try fully qualifying it as a single entry which means use a colon
-l:cv2.so
The reason I think you are having to do that is you have not set GCC command with the -shared cv2.so if you look you have -shared and nothing after it You have can set the -L directory I don't think the -l command can have directory entries :-)
-L/my/long/directory -lfoo -L/my/other/even/longer/directory -lfoo1
That I believe is how you do library foo & foo1 from different long directories Edit: I also see above you got the make file sort of working so you must be able to see the actual command lines to the linker.
In vino veritas
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Here is what I am getting, I need to find out what /ld is , maybe that will give me a clue. And here is a terrible though - how do I verify that OpenCV will work on Unbutu - 32 bits and Eclipse - also 32 bits? I can run "hello world", but cannot get the linker to work with OpenCV. **** Build of configuration Debug for project TEST_1 **** **** Internal Builder is used for build **** g++ -L/usr/local/lib -shared -L/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib -shared -olibTEST_1 src/TEST_1.o -l/cv2 -l/cv2.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio -llibopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llibopencv_videoio collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status Build error occurred, build is stopped Time consumed: 186 ms.
ld is the linker which collects all the object modules and libraries, and combines them into a new library, or an executable program. The library options to the linker are as follows:
-Lfollowed by a directory path, adds that directory to the list of locations to be searched for any additional libraries.-ladd the undecorated library name to the list of libraries required by the object code. Note that libraries are commonly held in files which are named liblibraryname**.suffix**, where suffix is .a or .so. However the name specified on the option line should just be libraryname, i.e. no preceing lib and no suffix. And no directory paths. So the options you should be using for/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.ashould be something like:-L/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib
-lopencv_flann_pch_dephelpAnd it would really make your questions easier to read if you would use <pre> tags as requested many times.
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You only need one of these for cv2
-l/cv2 -l/cv2.so
but as neither is working, try fully qualifying it as a single entry which means use a colon
-l:cv2.so
The reason I think you are having to do that is you have not set GCC command with the -shared cv2.so if you look you have -shared and nothing after it You have can set the -L directory I don't think the -l command can have directory entries :-)
-L/my/long/directory -lfoo -L/my/other/even/longer/directory -lfoo1
That I believe is how you do library foo & foo1 from different long directories Edit: I also see above you got the make file sort of working so you must be able to see the actual command lines to the linker.
In vino veritas
Good news, it linked AFTER I changed the -l to -l:cv2.so I'll check the GCC linker -l option and try to figure it out. It seems I should not have to add the .so extension to the file name. But it would not work without it, probably related to -shared option too. As far as the -shared - it is a common option and I need to find out how it works too. I beginning to believe the Elipse Settings GUI is not telling the whole story as far as how to use it. There is "Common" window dialog of all the options currently set , but it cannot be edited !
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Here is what I am getting, I need to find out what /ld is , maybe that will give me a clue. And here is a terrible though - how do I verify that OpenCV will work on Unbutu - 32 bits and Eclipse - also 32 bits? I can run "hello world", but cannot get the linker to work with OpenCV. **** Build of configuration Debug for project TEST_1 **** **** Internal Builder is used for build **** g++ -L/usr/local/lib -shared -L/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib -shared -olibTEST_1 src/TEST_1.o -l/cv2 -l/cv2.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio -llibopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2 /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/cv2.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_flann_pch_dephelp.a /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio.so /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -l/media/jim/OpenCL/OpenCV/build/lib/libopencv_videoio /usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llibopencv_videoio collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status Build error occurred, build is stopped Time consumed: 186 ms.
To nail it down again: The -l option requires a stripped library name without path, lib prefix, and extension! When specifying all library pathes with the
-Loption, it must be just:-lcv2
-lopencv_flann_pch_dephelp
-lopencv_videoioThe linker (ld) will then search all directories specified with the
-Loption for matching files by building the full name from the path actually searched, appending thelibprefix, appending the name passed to the-loption, and appending the extension.a. If that fails for a path, it tries again with the extension .so. -
To nail it down again: The -l option requires a stripped library name without path, lib prefix, and extension! When specifying all library pathes with the
-Loption, it must be just:-lcv2
-lopencv_flann_pch_dephelp
-lopencv_videoioThe linker (ld) will then search all directories specified with the
-Loption for matching files by building the full name from the path actually searched, appending thelibprefix, appending the name passed to the-loption, and appending the extension.a. If that fails for a path, it tries again with the extension .so. -
Good news, it linked AFTER I changed the -l to -l:cv2.so I'll check the GCC linker -l option and try to figure it out. It seems I should not have to add the .so extension to the file name. But it would not work without it, probably related to -shared option too. As far as the -shared - it is a common option and I need to find out how it works too. I beginning to believe the Elipse Settings GUI is not telling the whole story as far as how to use it. There is "Common" window dialog of all the options currently set , but it cannot be edited !
Yeah sorry I can't help with Eclipse I just put GCC on my external tools menu on Visual Studio 2015 :-) I am too slack to learn another IDE.
In vino veritas