Number of holidays and impact on productivity
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William Shakespearethe more the merrier.
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jgasm wrote:
"you need to work more so you can stay healthy"
No. I didn't mean to convey that. That would rather go against the well-known saying 'All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy'. But my only concern is that whether people really make a constructive use of their holidays. Currently, a good chunk of them try seeking solace and comfort from mundane things like liquor. Also, in India, I feel a good number of holidays are like irrational. A secular country should not go for too many holidays like 'Meelad Nabi', 'Bakrid', 'Dussehra', '3 Unwarranted Holidays for Makara Sankranthi (in January)'. At least, in US, I appreciate the holidays are mostly like 'Labor Day', 'Thanksgiving Day' (for generic causes) without carried over by regional/religion-based biases. Shouldn't we try and start emulating such good things?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareVasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
mundane things like liquor.
you must be drinking the wrong kind of liquor ;P also, telling people they do not make use of their holidays to restrict the amount they can take i am really sure would not be well received. personally, i plan on finishing my night with a nice tasty cocktail :-D
----------------------------------------------------------- "When I first saw it, I just thought that you really, really enjoyed programming in java." - Leslie Sanford
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Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
- Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere
I disagree completely. I take a minimum of 4 days off a month and I haven't come close to missing a deadline in almost three years.
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right?
As long as my guys are getting their stuff done on time I don't give a damn what they do when they are away from work.
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive.
What exactly does that mean?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
I feel that people spend way to much time at work.
Sovereign ingredient for a happy marriage: Pay cash or do without. Interest charges not only eat up a household budget; awareness of debt eats up domestic felicity. --Lazarus Long
Chris Austin wrote:
I feel that people spend way to much time at work.
I agree, many European countries have for time now recognised that overtime is counter-productive and actively discourage it. For just about any profession in Australia however (& from what I gather, the US as well), that idea is a long way from taking hold. For every programming or engineering position I've ever had or applied for in the last 15 or so years, "we expect you to put in a certain amount of overtime" - unpaid overtime at that.
T-Mac-Oz "When I'm ruler of the universe ... I'm working on it, I'm working on it. I'm just as frustrated as you are. It turns out to be a non-trivial problem." - Linus Torvalds
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareVasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
holidays that a state imposes in the region
There are only 3 holidays that the Indian state 'imposes' - Jan 26, Aug 15, and Oct 2. People _may_ work on these days, but they have to be compensated. The other 7 holidays a company is mandated to declare are entirely up to it. You think 10 holidays a year is too much?
Cheers, Vıkram.
"You idiot British surprise me that your generators which grew up after Mid 50s had no brain at all." - Adnan Siddiqi.
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Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
mundane things like liquor.
you must be drinking the wrong kind of liquor ;P also, telling people they do not make use of their holidays to restrict the amount they can take i am really sure would not be well received. personally, i plan on finishing my night with a nice tasty cocktail :-D
----------------------------------------------------------- "When I first saw it, I just thought that you really, really enjoyed programming in java." - Leslie Sanford
I live in South Africa, we have loads of useless (to me) holidays as well but, our company works on them, except for Christmas and New years day.
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jgasm wrote:
"you need to work more so you can stay healthy"
No. I didn't mean to convey that. That would rather go against the well-known saying 'All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy'. But my only concern is that whether people really make a constructive use of their holidays. Currently, a good chunk of them try seeking solace and comfort from mundane things like liquor. Also, in India, I feel a good number of holidays are like irrational. A secular country should not go for too many holidays like 'Meelad Nabi', 'Bakrid', 'Dussehra', '3 Unwarranted Holidays for Makara Sankranthi (in January)'. At least, in US, I appreciate the holidays are mostly like 'Labor Day', 'Thanksgiving Day' (for generic causes) without carried over by regional/religion-based biases. Shouldn't we try and start emulating such good things?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareIn most countries people are actually over worked, so i don't think cutting down on holidays is a good idea. In India soo many companies stooge people out of their holidays, and force people to work on sat!! I'd say that is a very good reason to have more holidays not less. Furthermore there are always holidays that are lost when they fall on weekends. In Australia we have a very good system for this (not sure if its the same anywhere else). If a holiday falls on a weekend the next week day is a holiday!! And on the point of making constructive use of holidays. People are free to do what they want to do on their time off. Some people feel relaxed by meditating and other like partying. Just because one does not like or understand what others do is not a valid reason to start reducing holidays. But hey if you want to work more (for some strange reason), you can still do so. Just remote connect from home and work away!!! Shashank .Net Developer
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jgasm wrote:
"you need to work more so you can stay healthy"
No. I didn't mean to convey that. That would rather go against the well-known saying 'All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy'. But my only concern is that whether people really make a constructive use of their holidays. Currently, a good chunk of them try seeking solace and comfort from mundane things like liquor. Also, in India, I feel a good number of holidays are like irrational. A secular country should not go for too many holidays like 'Meelad Nabi', 'Bakrid', 'Dussehra', '3 Unwarranted Holidays for Makara Sankranthi (in January)'. At least, in US, I appreciate the holidays are mostly like 'Labor Day', 'Thanksgiving Day' (for generic causes) without carried over by regional/religion-based biases. Shouldn't we try and start emulating such good things?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareVasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
'3 Unwarranted Holidays for Makara Sankranthi
Where? I am working in India and we get 10 holidays a year. And there are 262 business working days this year. That means we have a holiday on each 27th day(approx). Is that too much?
"If you had to identify, in one word, the reason why the human race has not achieved, and never will achieve, its full potential, that word would be 'meetings'." - Dave Barry
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Chris Austin wrote:
I feel that people spend way to much time at work.
I agree, many European countries have for time now recognised that overtime is counter-productive and actively discourage it. For just about any profession in Australia however (& from what I gather, the US as well), that idea is a long way from taking hold. For every programming or engineering position I've ever had or applied for in the last 15 or so years, "we expect you to put in a certain amount of overtime" - unpaid overtime at that.
T-Mac-Oz "When I'm ruler of the universe ... I'm working on it, I'm working on it. I'm just as frustrated as you are. It turns out to be a non-trivial problem." - Linus Torvalds
I wish we could also recognise that fact - when you work 11 - 12 hrs a day (no lunch breaks!) and a manager then asks whether you would work on a Saturday or a public holiday it makes my blood boil. I find it hard to believe that anyone can productively turn out QUALITY code for longer than 8-10 hours a day. Then again, maybe I am just thick :)
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareDon't get me wrong (I'm not a native english speaker), but this is a fake problem! If not too crowded, holidays are bubbles of air. Yes, it's frustrating when your partner from let's say Paris is in holiday, but when he's back this partner is a little bit relaxed and a little bit motivated to help you. I prefer a man returned from holiday instead a bored worker who counts the remaining days 'till his vacation. I prefer to be the first customer instead to be the ******1st. A day of relaxing is not enough to clear the work-related thoughts from the employee's mind. In my country (Romania) there are few holidays. But the productivity is low. Sweden has a lot of holidays and it's productivity is high. So.... Holidays and productivity are not necessary realted.
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareI think writer please make more study on holidays in India. Generally school peoples only have more holidays! Company people don't. Take todays example today is Gandhi Jayanti and Ramzan-ID. All Government people have Holiday but we are working. Every day we are working around Morning 9:00 Am to 10:00 Pm. Just count hours almost 9 hr actual working and 11 hr is in working evirenment. No one is giving us reward or overtime. About me in one extream condition i was working 36 hr continuesly Is it increase our holiday? Some times client from US required very urgent update he is not waiting for like Today there is Diwali in India? We have to compromise for Diwali. But exactly opposite in the occasion of Christmas, not a single client we can see online neither from Us nor from Europe. They are taking holiday from 24 Dec to 5 Jan every year. They are enjoying why we don't? But we are still working, working and working .... See our dream is to work continuesly to looking "ooh today i will work hard because next month i have holiday"! Still you say there is lot of holidays in India? See finally remember one thing 'We are working for someone else Dream'. Regards, Anish Bhagwat. India.
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William Shakespeare -
I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareFrom your question, I assume you're rather young and work means everything to you. :laugh: It may be true that some people seem to spend their time "foolishly" but these folks do it whether they have a day off or an evening "to kill". Most people do know how to spend their time "wisely" though and for these, each day off is not only a personal reward and chance to recreate but they also come back with higher motivation and so they work more efficiently. Spending a day "wisely" can also mean just to chill out, to hang around with friends, to read a book, to dance, ... Whatever it may be that helps this particular person to regain his/her energies and spirits. Don't judge too hard there. Maybe you don't understand it but for that person, it may be just perfect and the next day in the office or wherever the workplace may be will show an increased productivity. Time off isn't just wasted, it's much needed. Here in Germany, we have many more days off than people in the US do and still, we're not less productive. Otherwise, we wouldn't export so much. It took the unions long to fight for these days. Personally, I even remember campaigns stating "on Saturdays, daddy belongs to me!" and I really wouldn't want to give back any of those privileges. Work hard when you're at work and do whatever is best for you when you're off, enjoy your days off and let others enjoy theirs, it won't harm the industry at all... :-D
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William Shakespearescrew that! I like to get a full week lying on a beach somewhere doing nothing but soaking up the sun and drinking sangria at least once a year to properly wind down and relax
Pete
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William Shakespeare -
I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William Shakespeare>>> 1) Too much of holidays... Splutter, if I was eating when I read that my screen would be covered in food. There can never be too many holidays, there are never enough. >>> 2) ... People should do what they want in their holidays but personally I try and get as far away from computer screens as possible, there may be some drinking but there'll always be exercising and relaxing. I come back feeling refreshed and motivated. I used to take an extra month off a year unpaid, so in the UK that means about 9 weeks off normally plus some extra public holidays (about another 10 days). It meant I could take off nearly a week every month which for me was fantastic and my work didn't suffer at all. The key to this is - make sure you have an interest (preferably an obsession) that has nothing to do with your work. Alot of us are lucky because we enjoy what we do at work, actually we're very lucky, but there's ALOT more to life than sitting at a desk all day.
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jgasm wrote:
"you need to work more so you can stay healthy"
No. I didn't mean to convey that. That would rather go against the well-known saying 'All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy'. But my only concern is that whether people really make a constructive use of their holidays. Currently, a good chunk of them try seeking solace and comfort from mundane things like liquor. Also, in India, I feel a good number of holidays are like irrational. A secular country should not go for too many holidays like 'Meelad Nabi', 'Bakrid', 'Dussehra', '3 Unwarranted Holidays for Makara Sankranthi (in January)'. At least, in US, I appreciate the holidays are mostly like 'Labor Day', 'Thanksgiving Day' (for generic causes) without carried over by regional/religion-based biases. Shouldn't we try and start emulating such good things?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareWhat do you think Dasera, ID are irrational holidays. See i doubt you are not Indian are you NRI? Na Rahe Indian? we struggling for 12 holidays in year and you are telling these are unwanted Holidays? Then please convince your (Us) Govt. to reduce summer holiday and Christmas holidays! Try some times. All the Best...
shriram.gore
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What do you think Dasera, ID are irrational holidays. See i doubt you are not Indian are you NRI? Na Rahe Indian? we struggling for 12 holidays in year and you are telling these are unwanted Holidays? Then please convince your (Us) Govt. to reduce summer holiday and Christmas holidays! Try some times. All the Best...
shriram.gore
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I just felt whether the number of holidays that a state imposes in the region (in our country) should be considered significantly. From my current stay in US, when I observe that the holidays in India need to be really revised and rationalized. Most of the other countries have genuine set of holidays and a controlled number. I was just feeling down about for a few reasons: 1) Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries). 2) The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right? What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar Personal Homepage
Tech Gossips
All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players. They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts... --William ShakespeareVasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
- Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere (particularly when it involves deliverable across the geographical boundaries).
Huh? So you want everyone around the world to observe little or no holidays at all so work can get done undisturbed??? Buhhahahhahaha!
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
The youth normally, during holidays, immediately resort to boozing and other stuff which are detrimental to good health. At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right?
You have a norrow minded view of "youth" my friend. Boozing isn't limited to youth, and not all youths booze. However, it's thier business to booze or not, not yours. You're not the Youth Bozzing Police, please move on.
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
What do you say? A day or two extended holiday set is allowed but too much of holidays is actually, I feel, is playing down on multiple fronts. I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive. How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
Assuming that's your opinion, I'll respect that, but will politely tell you you're nuts. I don't need to be told what to do with my days off or to call it by some stupid name like "Holi days" just to make it feel important. Constuctive is how I determine it to be and I don't need Mom or Dad telling me what they think it should be. Screw it, I'm taking the rest of the day off. Why? BECAUSE I CAN!!!! A wise person (my wife) once told me: If someone isn't dieing or physically hurt, than it's just not that important.
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Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
- Too much of holidays is actually disturbing the normal plan of work, in any sphere
I disagree completely. I take a minimum of 4 days off a month and I haven't come close to missing a deadline in almost three years.
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
At least if it is a work-day, then they would refrain from such right?
As long as my guys are getting their stuff done on time I don't give a damn what they do when they are away from work.
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
I really feel, we should consider 'Holidays as 'Holi days' ' and make them constructive.
What exactly does that mean?
Vasudevan Deepak Kumar wrote:
How about holidays and people attitude in other places?
I feel that people spend way to much time at work.
Sovereign ingredient for a happy marriage: Pay cash or do without. Interest charges not only eat up a household budget; awareness of debt eats up domestic felicity. --Lazarus Long
Hey Chris, are you hiring? :P
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Chris Austin wrote:
I feel that people spend way to much time at work.
I agree, many European countries have for time now recognised that overtime is counter-productive and actively discourage it. For just about any profession in Australia however (& from what I gather, the US as well), that idea is a long way from taking hold. For every programming or engineering position I've ever had or applied for in the last 15 or so years, "we expect you to put in a certain amount of overtime" - unpaid overtime at that.
T-Mac-Oz "When I'm ruler of the universe ... I'm working on it, I'm working on it. I'm just as frustrated as you are. It turns out to be a non-trivial problem." - Linus Torvalds
That's not much of a problem where I work. I've never put in more than a dozen or so hours of OT per year. On occasions when I don't leave until 5:30ish the parking lot's already 70-85% empty, and some of them undoubtedly belonged to people working 9-6 instead of 8-5. The three occasions where a minor crisis held me till 7 it was almost deserted.
Today's lesson is brought to you by the word "niggardly". Remember kids, don't attribute to racism what can be explained by Scandinavian language roots. -- Robert Royall