Skip to content
  • Categories
  • Recent
  • Tags
  • Popular
  • World
  • Users
  • Groups
Skins
  • Light
  • Cerulean
  • Cosmo
  • Flatly
  • Journal
  • Litera
  • Lumen
  • Lux
  • Materia
  • Minty
  • Morph
  • Pulse
  • Sandstone
  • Simplex
  • Sketchy
  • Spacelab
  • United
  • Yeti
  • Zephyr
  • Dark
  • Cyborg
  • Darkly
  • Quartz
  • Slate
  • Solar
  • Superhero
  • Vapor

  • Default (No Skin)
  • No Skin
Collapse
Code Project
  1. Home
  2. The Lounge
  3. Books that made you a better programmer

Books that made you a better programmer

Scheduled Pinned Locked Moved The Lounge
questioncareerc++htmlwpf
56 Posts 53 Posters 26 Views 1 Watching
  • Oldest to Newest
  • Newest to Oldest
  • Most Votes
Reply
  • Reply as topic
Log in to reply
This topic has been deleted. Only users with topic management privileges can see it.
  • P PIEBALDconsult

    Everything by Douglas Adams, Michael Crichton, ...

    Rama Krishna Vavilala wrote:

    "Design Patterns" - GOF

    Really only helps to discuss programming issues.

    J Offline
    J Offline
    Jonathan C Dickinson
    wrote on last edited by
    #13

    Amen

    He who asks a question is a fool for five minutes. He who does not ask a question remains a fool forever. [Chineese Proverb] Jonathan C Dickinson (C# Software Engineer)

    1 Reply Last reply
    0
    • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

      I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

      Proud to be a CPHog user

      J Offline
      J Offline
      Jonathan C Dickinson
      wrote on last edited by
      #14

      I have a few gripes with GOF. OOP isn't the only paradigm available (just look at Erlang success: it's a freaken actor pattern!!!), you then have AOP which is improving the quality and maintainability at the same rate the GOF did when they published their OOP patterns. GOF is really useful, unfortunately some people see it as gospel. One of my old lecturers (I have since transferred universities) recently wrote a book on C# 3.0 design patterns and included an observer pattern implementation, cough, events. A decent T-SQL book is a must (Professional SQL Server 2000 Programming - Rob Vieira), as well as a subscription to MSDN magazine. Blogs such as Hanselman's are a vital source of information. I have a few books, but I have found that most of them are somewhat obsolete, the nice thing about the internet is that it keeps itself up to date.

      He who asks a question is a fool for five minutes. He who does not ask a question remains a fool forever. [Chineese Proverb] Jonathan C Dickinson (C# Software Engineer)

      J 1 Reply Last reply
      0
      • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

        I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

        Proud to be a CPHog user

        C Offline
        C Offline
        ChrisNic
        wrote on last edited by
        #15

        I belive that any list has to include Donald Knuth and the Art of Programming. In my time it was a standard and it definitely set the standards for many things that came later. Today you might read it like a history book but it explains most of the things that we take for granted now but in the olde days we had to figure out.

        G 1 Reply Last reply
        0
        • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

          I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

          Proud to be a CPHog user

          Y Offline
          Y Offline
          Yasin75
          wrote on last edited by
          #16

          My list is same as yours (1,2,3,4) with these as well: - Data Structures and Problem Solving (Weiss) : This textbook influence me a lot during my undergrad studies - Framework Design Guidelines (Brad Adams) - Mythical Man Month!! :) (Brooks)

          1 Reply Last reply
          0
          • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

            I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

            Proud to be a CPHog user

            J Offline
            J Offline
            Jonas Hammarberg
            wrote on last edited by
            #17

            "Code Complete", Steve McConnell -- (almost) everything there is to know about programming, from the little code monkey all the way up to lofty architects "Programming Pearls", Jon Bentley -- too keep the fun in programming and thinking outside the box "Software Craftsmanship", Pete McBreen -- an alternative approach to teams "The Pragmatic Programmer", Andrew Hunt & David Thomas -- Stop fidgeting, get it done. "Facts and Fallacies of Software Engineering", Robert L. Glass -- When to walk and when to fight (richly spiced with humour:-) In no special order, even if Code Complete stands out as I run into it quite early. /Jonas

            M 1 Reply Last reply
            0
            • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

              I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

              Proud to be a CPHog user

              C Offline
              C Offline
              cwp42
              wrote on last edited by
              #18

              For internet application developers: Omar AL Zabir Building a Web 2.0 Portal with ASP.NET 3.5 Great!

              cwp42

              1 Reply Last reply
              0
              • P PIEBALDconsult

                Everything by Douglas Adams, Michael Crichton, ...

                Rama Krishna Vavilala wrote:

                "Design Patterns" - GOF

                Really only helps to discuss programming issues.

                J Offline
                J Offline
                Jon lane
                wrote on last edited by
                #19

                Agreed. Also Scott Meyers Effective series and Herb Sutters Exceptional series. RIP Michael Crichton

                1 Reply Last reply
                0
                • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                  I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                  Proud to be a CPHog user

                  A Offline
                  A Offline
                  Alvin Arries
                  wrote on last edited by
                  #20

                  Not a book, but an article of sorts and its not humurous also this is serious stuff :) http://wilk4.com/humor/humore6.htm[^]

                  ACA

                  1 Reply Last reply
                  0
                  • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                    I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                    Proud to be a CPHog user

                    S Offline
                    S Offline
                    Stuart Dootson
                    wrote on last edited by
                    #21

                    I went through "Design Patterns" and the whole OO thing about 8-9 years ago. I then started learning about something that really changed the way I developed - functional programming. The papers Why Functional Programming Matters[^] and Haskell vs. Ada vs. C++ vs. Awk vs. ...: An Experiment in Software Prototyping Productivity[^] piqued my curiosity about FP in general and Haskell in particular. I pretty soon realised that some of the ideas of FP could be applied to the C++ I was writing - mainly the ideas of data immutability and functions as first-class members of the data type system (using Boost[^]'s Function[^] and Bind[^] libraries) - and found that using them made design and code easier and more capable. Do I use patterns? Yes, in places. But application of FP ideas has influence throughout my design and code.

                    1 Reply Last reply
                    0
                    • J Jonas Hammarberg

                      "Code Complete", Steve McConnell -- (almost) everything there is to know about programming, from the little code monkey all the way up to lofty architects "Programming Pearls", Jon Bentley -- too keep the fun in programming and thinking outside the box "Software Craftsmanship", Pete McBreen -- an alternative approach to teams "The Pragmatic Programmer", Andrew Hunt & David Thomas -- Stop fidgeting, get it done. "Facts and Fallacies of Software Engineering", Robert L. Glass -- When to walk and when to fight (richly spiced with humour:-) In no special order, even if Code Complete stands out as I run into it quite early. /Jonas

                      M Offline
                      M Offline
                      M Towler
                      wrote on last edited by
                      #22

                      In the original list the only obvious omission for me was "Code Complete". Weighty but well worth the effort. Good to see someone else has added it! I will add the classic "Object-oriented Software Construction" by Betrand Meyer. It may describe a language that most of us will never use, and take lots of ill informed swipes at C/C++/Java but for understanding what OO really means and design by contract can do it is marvellous.

                      1 Reply Last reply
                      0
                      • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                        I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                        Proud to be a CPHog user

                        R Offline
                        R Offline
                        Robert Vukovic
                        wrote on last edited by
                        #23

                        SICP is a real eye oppener ! Also there are video lectures[^]. - Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs [^] - Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code[^]

                        1 Reply Last reply
                        0
                        • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                          I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                          Proud to be a CPHog user

                          R Offline
                          R Offline
                          Robin Imrie
                          wrote on last edited by
                          #24

                          I would add: "The C++ Standard Library" by Nicolai Josuttis "Beyond the C++ Standard Library (an introduction to Boost) by Bjorn Karlsson "Network Programming for Microsoft Windows" by Anthony Jone & Jim Ohlund. I think this is now out of print. "Writing Solid code" by Steve Maguire

                          1 Reply Last reply
                          0
                          • N Nemanja Trifunovic

                            I am not going to answer your question, but to comment your list, I find 1. absolutelly great, 2. and 4. mostly harmful, and 3. has good and bad points.

                            Programming Blog utf8-cpp

                            K Offline
                            K Offline
                            KramII
                            wrote on last edited by
                            #25

                            Why?

                            KramII

                            1 Reply Last reply
                            0
                            • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                              I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                              Proud to be a CPHog user

                              S Offline
                              S Offline
                              si618
                              wrote on last edited by
                              #26

                              Nice list, #3 is on my list to read. Pragmatic unit testing, Head first design patterns & The sprawl trilogy.

                              1 Reply Last reply
                              0
                              • N Nemanja Trifunovic

                                I am not going to answer your question, but to comment your list, I find 1. absolutelly great, 2. and 4. mostly harmful, and 3. has good and bad points.

                                Programming Blog utf8-cpp

                                _ Offline
                                _ Offline
                                _rnd
                                wrote on last edited by
                                #27

                                I want to buy Code Complete. But what bad points did you see in this book?

                                S K 2 Replies Last reply
                                0
                                • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                                  I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                                  Proud to be a CPHog user

                                  M Offline
                                  M Offline
                                  Michael Haines
                                  wrote on last edited by
                                  #28

                                  O'Reilley's Java in a Nutshell was the single most impactful book on my programming career. Having been stuck in a rut of VB6 and VBA development, this book transformed all of my development into more useful OOP including all the .Net work I am doing today.

                                  You are here - through no fault of mine!

                                  1 Reply Last reply
                                  0
                                  • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                                    I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                                    Proud to be a CPHog user

                                    J Offline
                                    J Offline
                                    Jalapeno Bob
                                    wrote on last edited by
                                    #29

                                    My book list includes: The Design and Analysis of Computer Algorithms by Alfred Aho, John Hopcraft and Jeffery Ullman. The AWK Programming Language by Alfred Aho, Brian Kernighan, and Peter Weinberger The Theory of Parsing, Translation, and Compiling, volumes I and II, by Alfred Aho and Jeffery Ullman The C Programming Language by Brirn Kernighan and Dennis Ritchie There is also a book on decision tables which taught me a different paradigm from the traditional control flow. When I locate my copy (it's in this room someplace!), I will post a reference. On a personal note, Alfred Aho was one of my instructors at the Stevens Institute of Technology in the 1970s and his classes were a big influence on how I design and code today.

                                    1 Reply Last reply
                                    0
                                    • R Rama Krishna Vavilala

                                      I know there are many people here who scorn technical books. But I like reading technical books and have always found them useful. I was looking back to see what books had maximum impact in making me a better programmer in my career. I am not just talking about the technology here sure there are many good books about technologies. I am talking about the whole outlook on programming, programming styles and approach. My list is as follows: 1. "The C++ Programming language" - Bjarne Stroustrup. The last part especially had very good insights. I can definitely say that reading that book made me a lot better. 2. "Design Patterns" - GOF. Luckily, I read it (C2C) before shifting jobs and the new job required an application design from scratch. I was able to apply many patterns judiciously and I am still working on the product today. 3. "Code Complete" - Steve McConnell. It should be a required reading everywhere. 4. Refactoring - Martin Fowler. Helped me decide what is refactoring and what not. I overcame many of my pre-dispositions about performance and stressed on code readability. I have read lot of other books, I could clearly see that these books made a great impact on me. So if you have to list books which had the maximum impact on you. What will they be? [Edit] Added Refactoring book.

                                      Proud to be a CPHog user

                                      H Offline
                                      H Offline
                                      Hooga Booga
                                      wrote on last edited by
                                      #30

                                      The Shack - William P. Young. Not a lick about programming in there, but it gives a great perspective on life and priorities. So, if you become a better person, you become a better programmer, right?

                                      1 Reply Last reply
                                      0
                                      • P PIEBALDconsult

                                        Everything by Douglas Adams, Michael Crichton, ...

                                        Rama Krishna Vavilala wrote:

                                        "Design Patterns" - GOF

                                        Really only helps to discuss programming issues.

                                        J Offline
                                        J Offline
                                        JDL EPM
                                        wrote on last edited by
                                        #31

                                        Both passed away too soon. Crichton died of cancer (very recently). See: www.telegraph.co.uk/news/newstopics/celebritynews/3387182/Michael-Crichton-Jurassic-Park-author-dies-of-cancer.html[^]

                                        1 Reply Last reply
                                        0
                                        • P PIEBALDconsult

                                          Everything by Douglas Adams, Michael Crichton, ...

                                          Rama Krishna Vavilala wrote:

                                          "Design Patterns" - GOF

                                          Really only helps to discuss programming issues.

                                          E Offline
                                          E Offline
                                          elchalateco
                                          wrote on last edited by
                                          #32

                                          Can anyone recommend a good VB.NET book? Thanks Ed

                                          1 Reply Last reply
                                          0
                                          Reply
                                          • Reply as topic
                                          Log in to reply
                                          • Oldest to Newest
                                          • Newest to Oldest
                                          • Most Votes


                                          • Login

                                          • Don't have an account? Register

                                          • Login or register to search.
                                          • First post
                                            Last post
                                          0
                                          • Categories
                                          • Recent
                                          • Tags
                                          • Popular
                                          • World
                                          • Users
                                          • Groups