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Linux only 8 cores

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  • J jschell

    From the CP newsletter. Claims rather broadly that Linux only uses 8 cores. The Linux kernel has been accidentally hardcoded to a maximum of 8 cores for the past 15 years and nobody noticed – The HFT Guy[^] Obviously a rather startling claim. Googling suggests that quite a few people have taken exception to that claim.

    Mike HankeyM Offline
    Mike HankeyM Offline
    Mike Hankey
    wrote on last edited by
    #4

    Why would anyone need more than 8 codes? :)

    As the aircraft designer said, "Simplicate and add lightness". PartsBin an Electronics Part Organizer - Release Version 1.3.0 JaxCoder.com Latest Article: SimpleWizardUpdate

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    • Mike HankeyM Mike Hankey

      Why would anyone need more than 8 codes? :)

      As the aircraft designer said, "Simplicate and add lightness". PartsBin an Electronics Part Organizer - Release Version 1.3.0 JaxCoder.com Latest Article: SimpleWizardUpdate

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      PIEBALDconsult
      wrote on last edited by
      #5

      Eight cores oughta be enough for anybody.

      Mike HankeyM K D 3 Replies Last reply
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      • P PIEBALDconsult

        Eight cores oughta be enough for anybody.

        Mike HankeyM Offline
        Mike HankeyM Offline
        Mike Hankey
        wrote on last edited by
        #6

        Anything more is just pretentious!

        As the aircraft designer said, "Simplicate and add lightness". PartsBin an Electronics Part Organizer - Release Version 1.3.0 JaxCoder.com Latest Article: SimpleWizardUpdate

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        • P PIEBALDconsult

          Eight cores oughta be enough for anybody.

          K Offline
          K Offline
          k5054
          wrote on last edited by
          #7

          Ah! But how many threads? I seem to recall a CPU (maybe MIPS?) that supported 3 threads per core, and there's tales of IBM Power supporting 4 or 8 TPC, and I think Sun SPARC had chips that supported 8 TPC. Imagine a Beowulf cluster of those! Oops, sorry, wrong forum :)

          "A little song, a little dance, a little seltzer down your pants" Chuckles the clown

          P Greg UtasG 2 Replies Last reply
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          • K k5054

            Ah! But how many threads? I seem to recall a CPU (maybe MIPS?) that supported 3 threads per core, and there's tales of IBM Power supporting 4 or 8 TPC, and I think Sun SPARC had chips that supported 8 TPC. Imagine a Beowulf cluster of those! Oops, sorry, wrong forum :)

            "A little song, a little dance, a little seltzer down your pants" Chuckles the clown

            P Offline
            P Offline
            PIEBALDconsult
            wrote on last edited by
            #8

            (PIEBALD looks up Itanium specs...)

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            • K k5054

              Ah! But how many threads? I seem to recall a CPU (maybe MIPS?) that supported 3 threads per core, and there's tales of IBM Power supporting 4 or 8 TPC, and I think Sun SPARC had chips that supported 8 TPC. Imagine a Beowulf cluster of those! Oops, sorry, wrong forum :)

              "A little song, a little dance, a little seltzer down your pants" Chuckles the clown

              Greg UtasG Offline
              Greg UtasG Offline
              Greg Utas
              wrote on last edited by
              #9

              I think how many threads per core are supported is determined by the O/S, not the CPU.

              Robust Services Core | Software Techniques for Lemmings | Articles
              The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing.

              <p><a href="https://github.com/GregUtas/robust-services-core/blob/master/README.md">Robust Services Core</a>
              <em>The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing.</em></p>

              K 1 Reply Last reply
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              • Greg UtasG Greg Utas

                I think how many threads per core are supported is determined by the O/S, not the CPU.

                Robust Services Core | Software Techniques for Lemmings | Articles
                The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing.

                K Offline
                K Offline
                k5054
                wrote on last edited by
                #10

                I'm thinking in terms of "Hyperthreading", or "Virtual Cores", which is definitely hardware, not software.

                "A little song, a little dance, a little seltzer down your pants" Chuckles the clown

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                • K k5054

                  AFAICT, all cores/threads (12/24) on my system get used when doing parallel tasks. And things seem to scale as expected going from 8 to 12, so *my* experience seems refute those claims. Additionally, I would have thought that those that are using AMD ThreadRippers with 32/64 cores would have noticed that they're not getting the expected boost from the huge core count.

                  "A little song, a little dance, a little seltzer down your pants" Chuckles the clown

                  raddevusR Offline
                  raddevusR Offline
                  raddevus
                  wrote on last edited by
                  #11

                  I have an AMD® Ryzen 5 2600x six-core processor × 2 (12) core in mine and I notice that all my cores get used also. Running Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS all seems good.

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                  • raddevusR raddevus

                    I have an AMD® Ryzen 5 2600x six-core processor × 2 (12) core in mine and I notice that all my cores get used also. Running Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS all seems good.

                    K Offline
                    K Offline
                    k5054
                    wrote on last edited by
                    #12

                    Yeah, but see Daniel Pfeffer's reply down-thread. The actual issue has to do with time-slice calculations for the scheduler, not the use of CPU cores/threads. If performance could be better with finer grained calculations for more than 8 cores, it's probably pretty subtle. Like all things, there's probably a point of diminishing returns, and maybe somewhere around 8 cores, scheduling characteristics don't make much difference overall. No doubt someone like the guys over at Phoronix will do some benchmarking with patched kernels and report. Then we'll know what, if anything, we've been missing.

                    "A little song, a little dance, a little seltzer down your pants" Chuckles the clown

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                    • P PIEBALDconsult

                      Eight cores oughta be enough for anybody.

                      D Offline
                      D Offline
                      dandy72
                      wrote on last edited by
                      #13

                      PIEBALDconsult wrote:

                      Eight cores oughta be enough for anybody.

                      Consider (a) the number of cores in an AMD Threadripper CPU (b) the fact that you can use AMD CPUs as space heaters You might want to make use of more cores during those cold winter nights...

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                      • Mike HankeyM Mike Hankey

                        Why would anyone need more than 8 codes? :)

                        As the aircraft designer said, "Simplicate and add lightness". PartsBin an Electronics Part Organizer - Release Version 1.3.0 JaxCoder.com Latest Article: SimpleWizardUpdate

                        J Offline
                        J Offline
                        jmaida
                        wrote on last edited by
                        #14

                        The '640K' quote won't go away -- but did Gates really say it? | Computerworld[^]

                        "A little time, a little trouble, your better day" Badfinger

                        Mike HankeyM P 2 Replies Last reply
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                        • D dandy72

                          PIEBALDconsult wrote:

                          Eight cores oughta be enough for anybody.

                          Consider (a) the number of cores in an AMD Threadripper CPU (b) the fact that you can use AMD CPUs as space heaters You might want to make use of more cores during those cold winter nights...

                          P Offline
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                          PIEBALDconsult
                          wrote on last edited by
                          #15

                          Uh huh, here in freaking Phoenix.

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                          • J jmaida

                            The '640K' quote won't go away -- but did Gates really say it? | Computerworld[^]

                            "A little time, a little trouble, your better day" Badfinger

                            Mike HankeyM Offline
                            Mike HankeyM Offline
                            Mike Hankey
                            wrote on last edited by
                            #16

                            Interesting article.

                            As the aircraft designer said, "Simplicate and add lightness". PartsBin an Electronics Part Organizer - Release Version 1.3.0 JaxCoder.com Latest Article: SimpleWizardUpdate

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                            • Mike HankeyM Mike Hankey

                              Interesting article.

                              As the aircraft designer said, "Simplicate and add lightness". PartsBin an Electronics Part Organizer - Release Version 1.3.0 JaxCoder.com Latest Article: SimpleWizardUpdate

                              J Offline
                              J Offline
                              jmaida
                              wrote on last edited by
                              #17

                              I first heard this quote from my Grad School prof at about the same time frame. We were experimenting with different memory access schemes for RISC processors the hottest CPU design at the time (bit slicing, segmentation, etc. ). Fun times.

                              "A little time, a little trouble, your better day" Badfinger

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                              • P PIEBALDconsult

                                Uh huh, here in freaking Phoenix.

                                D Offline
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                                dandy72
                                wrote on last edited by
                                #18

                                I'm not without sympathy. The *one* time I had an AMD CPU for my primary machine...I remember shutting it down at times because it was just getting too damned hot in summer, despite the AC unit keeping the rest of the house reasonably cool. Nothing wrong with the CPU or heatsink, as I was repeatedly told this was "to be expected" with that particular generation (I forget which exactly). I have no need for a machine that has to be turned off due to the amount of heat it throws off. I've never owned another system with an AMD CPU.

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                                • J jmaida

                                  The '640K' quote won't go away -- but did Gates really say it? | Computerworld[^]

                                  "A little time, a little trouble, your better day" Badfinger

                                  P Offline
                                  P Offline
                                  PIEBALDconsult
                                  wrote on last edited by
                                  #19

                                  I think he's denied it, but I'm going to keep repeating it anyway. The sentiment still has value, wherever it originated.

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                                  • D dandy72

                                    I'm not without sympathy. The *one* time I had an AMD CPU for my primary machine...I remember shutting it down at times because it was just getting too damned hot in summer, despite the AC unit keeping the rest of the house reasonably cool. Nothing wrong with the CPU or heatsink, as I was repeatedly told this was "to be expected" with that particular generation (I forget which exactly). I have no need for a machine that has to be turned off due to the amount of heat it throws off. I've never owned another system with an AMD CPU.

                                    J Offline
                                    J Offline
                                    jschell
                                    wrote on last edited by
                                    #20

                                    dandy72 wrote:

                                    because it was just getting too damned hot in summer, despite the AC unit keeping the rest of the house reasonably cool.

                                    That sounds a bit scary. So the CPU was getting so hot that it was warming up the room (not just computer) that you were in to such an extent that you turned it off to get cooler? Sounds more like a fireplace or an oven than the computer.

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                                    • J jschell

                                      dandy72 wrote:

                                      because it was just getting too damned hot in summer, despite the AC unit keeping the rest of the house reasonably cool.

                                      That sounds a bit scary. So the CPU was getting so hot that it was warming up the room (not just computer) that you were in to such an extent that you turned it off to get cooler? Sounds more like a fireplace or an oven than the computer.

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                                      trønderen
                                      wrote on last edited by
                                      #21

                                      The prototypes of the DEC Alpha required a 3 phase power supply. Before the release, they managed to trim down the power requirements so that a plain single-phase PS could handle it. While I was teaching at a tech. college, we got an Alpha machine. Good thing was that it could provide hot lunches for the students :-) (I'm kidding. It was a common joke among the students, though.)

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                                      • J jschell

                                        dandy72 wrote:

                                        because it was just getting too damned hot in summer, despite the AC unit keeping the rest of the house reasonably cool.

                                        That sounds a bit scary. So the CPU was getting so hot that it was warming up the room (not just computer) that you were in to such an extent that you turned it off to get cooler? Sounds more like a fireplace or an oven than the computer.

                                        T Offline
                                        T Offline
                                        trønderen
                                        wrote on last edited by
                                        #22

                                        jschell wrote:

                                        So the CPU was getting so hot that it was warming up the room (not just computer) that you were in to such an extent that you turned it off to get cooler?

                                        Have you never been working in an environment with, say, 40 servers gathered in a server room? A few years ago, we were moving to another wing of the building. The move was delayed by a couple of months because the machine room needed so much AC that there wasn't enough electric power for it without a significant rewiring, with more circuits of higher rating. A home environment is different, of course. But look at these gaming machines: They have power supplies of 1200 W, 1500 W, ... The three huge screens come on top of that. And the 6 channel times 50 W sound system. It all ends up as heat, similar to a 2000-2500 W electric heater. If you don't need it to keep your house warm (and it certainly is not a very efficient way to heat your house!), you need an AC which can dispose of 2000-2500 W of heat - and the AC unit will give you another 500 W or so of heat (assuming a COP of 4 to 5; they don't go very much higher). If you live in a house built by current insulation standards (as far as I have read, Canada and Norway standards are comparable), then an extra 3000 W of heat may be sufficient to keep your entire house warm even in mid-winter.

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                                        • P PIEBALDconsult

                                          I think he's denied it, but I'm going to keep repeating it anyway. The sentiment still has value, wherever it originated.

                                          T Offline
                                          T Offline
                                          trønderen
                                          wrote on last edited by
                                          #23

                                          I am repeating it too - as a great example of taking quotes out of context. In another interview (for which I don't have any URL), Gates did not remember having said it, but remarked that if he had said anything like that, it would have to be in discussions about the sharing of the 1024 Ki available RAM between the OS and user processes. Reserving 384 Ki for the OS, leaving 640 Ki for user processes, that should be enough for any user process running in 1024 Ki RAM. Whether Gates actually said it or not: I support it! I would never argue that, given 1024 Ki, the OS, drivers, I/O buffers and other system software should be given any less than 384 Ki. You may ridicule me for that statement just as much as you ridicule Gates. Go ahead! Then, please include some viable arguments why the OS should have less than 384 Ki, and tell us how much less, given the 1024 Ki total. I am really happy that Gates made or didn't make this statement. I have no better example to illustrate quotes taken out of context.

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