Start using if statements to check which parameters to use in your SELECT query. something like:
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
sb.Append ("SELECT colom1, colum2, colom3, colom4, colom5 FROM Tabel1 ");
sb.Append ("WHERE ");
if (param2 != string.Empty)
sb.Append("(Colom1 = :param2)");
if (param3 != string.Empty)
sb.Append("(Colom2 = :param3)");
if (param4 != string.Empty)
sb.Append("(Colom3 = :param4)");
or if this is in a stored procedure, make IF statements in your stored procedure.