Since OP needs this to calculate a "lucky number" I wouldn't worry too much about "garbage". ;) "I had the right to remain silent, but I didn't have the ability!" Ron White, Comedian

Joe Woodbury wrote: I prefer people start with C, but that may not be realistic today. I learnt C++ first and C to me was just C++ but with a list of exclusions. Worked well. Steve

"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" The relationship between these declarations is that the x: prefix mapping supports the intrinsics that are part of the XAML language definition, and WPF is one implementation that uses XAML as a language and defines a vocabulary of its objects for XAML. Because the WPF vocabulary's usages will be far more common than the XAML intrinsics usages, the WPF vocabulary is mapped as the default. The x: prefix convention for mapping the XAML language intrinsics support is followed by project templates, sample code, and the documentation of language features within this SDK." I have posted this from here[^].