This is possible, but keep in mind that opening up SQL server to the internet is a huge security risk. If you need to read data from SQL server over the internet, have an application sitting on the server you wish to connect to that will talk to SQL for you. That said, port 1433 is the default SQL port. You'll need to forward this port to your SQL server machine in whatever router(s) you may have. Also, SQL can be configured to use a different port, in which case you'll need to specify in the connection string using "Data Source = [addressOfMachine]\[portToUse]", for example, "Data Source = "192.168.1.5\6000" if your SQL server is on the machine at address 192.168.1.5, publishing on port 6000. If you need to know what a typical connection string looks like, read up on connection string here[^].
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