Sharepoint Coding?

[humblepgmr]

Hi all, I've got a suggestion from work that we create "some apps." They mean calendar objects and forums in Microsofts Sharepoint. I've found a way to introduce some Javascript into Sharepoint, but I'm not sure if any other languages are allowed. Keep in mind that while I have read and write access to Sharepoint, I don't have access to any of the root folders. Any ideas on the languages / how to introduce new code to sharepoint so that it can display custom applications? Thanks