You're right, escaping the string isn't necessary unless it is a string literal. I was confused by the VS.net debugger, which puts a summary of the elements of the FILE structure beside the pointer, the first element of the FILE * happened to be "0(Bad Ptr)", but the FILE * itself was good. Err.. . maybe I just need more caffeine. :zzz: Now I know why nobody else on the net or discussion boards had problem... Thanks for your time. :-O Hua-Ying