I googled on the keywords Android and widgets, hoping to find clear definition of a widget. But all the definitions are vague and could be applied to any apps. My feeling is that a widget is a small app that runs in the background at all times, as a separate thread. Usually, it displays something or waits for input at all times. As opposed to an app that has to be started/terminated explicitly when the need arises. If this is the definition of a widget then it is the oldest concept in multi-tasking operating system where such concept used to be called a background process. If this is so, then why it is said that widgets are unique to Android. I bet iPhone has them too but under a different name. What is so unique about widgets?

I learned a few programming skills on my own, not on the job, but through my own coding and analysis of source code samples, like .NET, C#, Java, etc. Is it OK to put "familiar with .NET, C#, Java" on my resume. Usually, "familiar with" means "comfortable with", even though some dictionaries suggest it means "to have a good knowledge of". This issue refers to the section with general skills, the experience section would list the on-the-job skills.

My questions are about the certification exam 70-483 - MCSD programming in C# The web provides inconsistent info. Even the testing company (Pearson Vue) fails to provide clear answers. My questions are: - the number of questions on the actual exam, does the number vary between exams? - duration of the exam, i.e. max time allowed - how is the passing score computed? Is the numeric score reported on the certification? Is the numeric score private? - how the test is conducted? Probably online at a testing center. Is it possible to use any materials like books or web during the test? - the format of the answers: all are multiple choice (A,B,C,D)? Some sources claim that selected answers are fill-in, or drag-drop, is it true?

The question assumes an instance constructor. A static constructor is not meant to be called by any outside code or any other class (derived or not derived), it is called only once by the loader, so the issue of derivation is totally moot for static constructor.

I miss the logic of the official story that a base constructor is not inherited. If a class is able to call its base constructor (accessible) then why it is said the constructor is not inherited. The logic seems to be based on the fact that a base constructor has to be called explicitly, meaning the compiler will not call it automatically (ignore special cases). But the definition of inheritance is not based on the automatic calling.

What are the specific rules to name a C# source file? I came across many posts about this issue but all are about special cases. For example, Microsoft's page about this topic does not really get to the point. https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms228500%28v=vs.90%29.aspx[^] I need clear and to-the-point answers. Is a C# source file name arbitrary? I am using code samples from several C# books and the samples tend to pick up the name of the top (non-nested) class in the file or the name of namespace, or maybe something else. I have not tried to play with this yet but my feeling is that the file name could be just arbitrary. Is it correct? What are the imposed restrictions on file name and what are the actual guidelines?