awk - use PERL instead... biff - notify incoming mail. cc - C compiler. Use gcc... dd - copies one file to another. The nice thing is that there are tons of switches to perform converting (block size, concatenating, ASCII/EBCDIC, case, padding) emacs - editor and psychoanalyst :) fsck - file system check grep - pattern searching halt - syncs filesystem, stop processor indent - C prettyprinter join - have no idea.. database? kill - kills process. Use kill -9 for more power lex - if you want to build a compiler more - newer than less nice - what it sounds like. Putting processes at lower priority od - octal, char or hex dump of files passwd - changing password, obvoiusly quota - user disk quota ranlib - have no idea.. spell - spellcheck true - true. uniq - delete all duplicate lines in a flie. vi - editor. It is really quite easy to quit, :wq or ZZ, unless you have forgotten if you are in command mode or edit mode whoami - for forgetful users X - not used by real linux hackers zcat - uses Lempel-Ziv. No W to feed Unisys... /moliate